Peran Pesantren Al-Hamidiyah Pangandaran Jawa Barat Pada Masa Revolusi Fisik (1945-1949)

Abstract

Pesantren in Indonesia have functioned not only as religious educational institutions but also as key actors in the struggle against colonialism. This study explores the history of the establishment of Pesantren Al-Hamidiyah in Pangkalan Village, Pangandaran, and its role in defending Indonesian independence. Conducted using academic historical research methods, the study follows five stages: topic selection, heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. The findings reveal that the pesantren was founded by Kyai Abdul Hamid out of concern for the community’s limited understanding of Islamic teachings. After independence, the pesantren evolved into a center for consolidation and military training for students and local youth. Under Kyai Abdul Hamid’s leadership, the pesantren’s militia actively participated in resisting Dutch forces through guerrilla warfare and a strong spirit of jihad. Despite facing numerous challenges, Pesantren Al-Hamidiyah remained steadfast in its commitment to defending the nation’s independence.